PROBLEM
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I have a MySQL InnoDB which has all the database table files, but MySQL doesn't see them, and isn't loading them.
The problem happened because I deleted these three files:
ibdata1, ib_logfile0 and ib_logfile1
because I was having issues with mysql starting up, and what I read was to remove them because MySQL will just regenerate them (I know I should have backed them up but didn't).
What can I do to get MySQL to see the tables again?
FIX:
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Here is why MySQL cannot see those files: The system tablespace (ibdata1) has a Storage-Engine specific data dictionary that lets InnoDB map out potential table usage:
Moving InnoDB tables from one place to another requires commands like
ALTER TABLE tblname DISCARD TABLESPACE;
ALTER TABLE tblname IMPORT TABLESPACE;
Here is a part of the MySQL 5.5 Documentation explaining what needs to be considered
Portability Considerations for .ibd FilesYou cannot freely move .ibd files between database directories as you can with MyISAM table files. The table definition stored in the InnoDB shared tablespace includes the database name. The transaction IDs and log sequence numbers stored in the tablespace files also differ between databases.To move an .ibd file and the associated table from one database to another, use a RENAME TABLE statement:RENAME TABLE db1.tbl_name TO db2.tbl_name; If you have a “clean” backup of an .ibd file, you can restore it to the MySQL installation from which it originated as follows:The table must not have been dropped or truncated since you copied the .ibd file, because doing so changes the table ID stored inside the tablespace.Issue this ALTER TABLE statement to delete the current .ibd file:ALTER TABLE tbl_name DISCARD TABLESPACE; Copy the backup .ibd file to the proper database directory.Issue this ALTER TABLE statement to tell InnoDB to use the new .ibd file for the table:ALTER TABLE tbl_name IMPORT TABLESPACE; In this context, a “clean” .ibd file backup is one for which the following requirements are satisfied:There are no uncommitted modifications by transactions in the .ibd file.There are no unmerged insert buffer entries in the .ibd file.Purge has removed all delete-marked index records from the .ibd file.mysqld has flushed all modified pages of the .ibd file from the buffer pool to the file.
Given these caveats and protocols, here is a suggested course of action
For this example, let's try to restore the
tags table to the mydb databaseSTEP #1
Make sure you have backups of those
.frm and .ibd files in /tmp/innodb_dataSTEP #2
Get the
CREATE TABLE tags statement and execute it as CREATE TABLE mydb.tags .... Make sure it is the exact same structure as the original tags.frmSTEP #3
Delete the empty
tags.ibd using MySQLALTER TABLE mydb.tags DISCARD TABLESPACE;
STEP #4
Bring in the backup copy of
tags.ibdcd /var/lib/mysql/mydb
cp /tmp/innodb_data.tags.ibd .
chown mysql:mysql tags.ibd
STEP #5
Add
tags table to the InnoDB Data DictionaryALTER TABLE mydb.tags IMPORT TABLESPACE;
STEP 6
Test the table's accessibility
SHOW CREATE TABLE mydb.tags\G
SELECT * FROM mydb.tags LIMIT 10;
If you get normal results, congratulations you import an InnoDB table.
STEP 7
In the future, please don't delete ibdata1 and its logs
ALT.
ALT.
UPDATED
First of all, about the files:
- .frm - table structure;
- .myd - table data;
- .myi - indexes.
To recover tables, you can try (make backup first):
1) run
2) run
check table tablename - for all db tables;2) run
repair table tablename - for necessary tables.
